Ngibonga osokhemisi abanekhono abavela eNyuvesi yase-Illinois, ama-microspheres amancane angathula ngokushesha igagasi elilandelayo lobuchwepheshe obusha obuzosetshenziselwa umuthi ohlosiwe noma ukucabanga kwezokwelapha. Ithimba lamakhemikhali, eliholwa ngu USolwazi Kenneth Suslick, usanda kushicilela lokho akutholile ephephabhukwini le-Advanced Science.
Yini ama-microspheres, ubuza? Ama-Microspheres ngamaphilisi amancane angasetshenziselwa ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa ngokuwajova ezicutshini nanjengezindlela eziphambene zokucabanga ngezokwelapha. Zingasetshenziselwa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene zezimboni.
Izinto ezifana nepulasitiki zinokuguquguquka okumangazayo, ngenxa yokuthi konke kuyavumelana, kuyazinza ngokwamakhemikhali futhi akulimazi imvelo. Lezo zimfanelo ezihambisana neqiniso lokuthi kungamanzi nokushisa okushisayo okushiwo abicah kuyinto efanelekayo yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokujova emzimbeni noma ezicutshini.
Kubukeka kungajwayelekile ukucabanga ngenjoloba abicah kuncike kakhulu kuyo kwezinye izimboni, njengezokwakha, ezokundiza nezindiza, izinkambu zesimanje zezimboni kanye nempahla yabathengi. Abicah isetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke into kusuka ekubambeni kuya ekhishini, izindwangu, isikhumba, okufakelwa kwezokwelapha nokunye.
Sekuyisikhathi eside, abacwaningi bezama ukwenza ama-microspheres asebenzayo ngenhlanhla encane. Ngeshwa, lezi zimfanelo ezifanayo ezenza abicah abe ngumuntu olungele ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nakho okunikeze ososayensi inkathazo enkulu. Ngokwesiko, bakhiqiza ama-microspheres ngokufaka amaconsi ento yokwakheka kuketshezi oluhlukile.
Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi bakhe izinto zokwakheka zibe bobunjwa abancane abadingekayo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayinalusizo uma kukhulunywa nge-silicone; akusebenzi nje.
Njengoba uProfesa Suslick esho, "Ku-silicone, ukudala i-emulsion ezinzile yamaconsi amancane kunzima kakhulu. Ngisho noma i-emulsion ezinzile ifinyelelwa, uhlangabezana nezinkinga ezinkulu nakakhulu uma ishisa, okudingekayo ukuze i-polymerize ibe yizici eziqinile. Lapho kushisa, amaconsi amancane e-silicone eqalayo azohlangana namanye futhi akhiqize izinhlayiya ezinkulu kuphela. "
Manje Bakwenze Kanjani?
Ithimba lisebenzise isu elihlukile eliqondiswe kulo njenge-ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Kuhilela ukusebenzisa uhlobo lobuchwepheshe oluvame ukutholakala kuma-humidifiers asuselwa kubathengi, angasetshenziswa ukwenza inkungu yamaconsi. Yebo, bathembele kubuchwepheshe obuvela kuma-humidifiers asekhaya ukuxazulula inkinga.
Kwenziwa inkungu equkethe zonke izithako ezejwayelekile ezisetshenziselwa ukudala abicah, futhi iphoqelelwa ngeshubhu elishisayo. Ngaphakathi kwephubhu, amaconsi enkungu aqina futhi athatha ukwakheka kwama-silicone spheres amancane, okuyikho kanye okudingekayo ukudala ama-microspheres.
Ngoba ama-sphere adalwe ngenkungu, amaconsi ahlala ahlukile futhi awahlanganisi noma anamathisele ngendlela abezokwenza ngayo ngesikhathi se-emulsion - indlela yendabuko. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi ama-silicone sphere aholele ekutheni abe mncane ngokuphindwe kayikhulu kunalawo adalwe esikhathini esedlule, okuyintuthuko enkulu emkhakheni.
Ngemuva kokuphumelela kwabo, iqembu labacwaningi lakha amagatsha futhi lenza ama-microspheres besebenzisa le ndlela enezakhiwo eziningi. Bakwazile ukudala imikhakha ebesebenzisa eminye imibala, imidwebo ye-fluorescent kanye nezici zamagnetic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhakha eyakhiwe yiqembu inezinto eziphilayo eziphila okusho ukuthi azinakho ukusabela okungekuhle lapho zivezwa amakhemikhali noma izicubu ngaphakathi komzimba. Baphephe ngokuphelele. Lokho kuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa njengamaphilisi noma amaphilisi womthamo wokukhishwa okwandisiwe, i-imaging yezokwelapha nokuningi.
Njengamanje, iqembu lizama le mikhakha, lifuna izindlela ezingasetshenziswa futhi liqashwe ngazo. Kuze kube manje, bathole ukuthi bangaziguqula izakhiwo zama-microspheres ukuze ziqine ngokuphelele, zibe namandla kazibuthe noma zibe yize. Impahla eyize izovumela ukuthi bajovwe ngezidakamizwa noma amanye amakhemikhali.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Uma ufunda konke lokhu futhi uzibuza ukuthi kusho ukuthini, ungesabi, awuwedwa. Akukabonakali ngokushesha ukuthi kungaba namuphi umthelela kulawo okuthiwa ama-silicone microspheres embonini yezokwelapha nasemhlabeni jikelele.
UJacqueline Rankin, umfundi ohola phambili osebenza kulo msebenzi, ukwazile ukuchaza imiphumela yalobu buchwepheshe ngokuningiliziwe kithina sonke ocwaningweni olucashunwe ngenhla.
“Izicelo ze-silicone microspheres, kuze kube manje, bezicatshangelwa ngokuphelele, ngoba nje akekho umuntu okwazile ukuzenza. Ngale ndlela entsha, ama-silicone microspheres angahlanganiswa kalula futhi kalula, okwenza kube lula ukuhlola ubuchwepheshe obucatshangelwe kuphela nokwakha ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nesayensi entsha emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi. ”
Ngamanye amagama, amandla alobu buchwepheshe obusha - ngisho nento encanyana njengama-silicone microspheres - ayikaze yenzeke.
Isikweletu sezithombe: UCatalina Olavarria / UKenneth Suslick
