Kulezi zinsuku, amaphrinta we-3D asetshenziselwa ukwenza zonke izinhlobo zamathoyizi nama-doodads. Ubucwebe obuphrintiwe nge-3D nezinye izinto zemfashini seziba umkhuba omusha oshisayo. Konke lokhu kuyathokozisa futhi kuyintsha, kepha kuthiwani uma ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ngendlela ezwakalayo? Amathuba ahlolwe kuphela ingxenyana yalokho okungenzeka abe khona esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Isayensi isondele ekutholeni izindlela zokuthola ukungabi bikho kwezitho ezitholakalayo zokufakelwa nokufakelwa. Yize bekunama-bioprinters phambilini, izinselelo eziningi ziyaqhubeka nokuba khona. Ukwehluleka ukugcina amaseli ephila isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuwafakela kuthikameze ukuqhubeka komqondo.
Faka iphrinta ye-3D
Kuze kube manje, intuthuko yezokwelapha ifaka phakathi Iphrintiwe nge-3D izitho ezifana nezinhliziyo zokwenziwa, izindlebe, ngisho nezicubu zamathambo. Ngakho kungani kungabi izingxenye zamehlo? Kunezigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke ezinenkinga yokulahlekelwa ukubona okubangelwa izifo ezithinta amehlo. Amazwe ampofu ngokuvamile anezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibangela ukulimala kwamehlo, futhi uma engelashwa, ubumpumputhe. Singase sisebenzise ubuchwepheshe obunikezwa ukuphrinta kwe-3D ukuze sakhe i-replica corneas? Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke ngokushesha kunakamuva aphezulu. Lolu hlobo lwephrinta ludinga into eyinki ukuze lusebenze. Njengamanje, abacwaningi bahlanganisa i-alginate (i-ejenti ye-gelling ekhishwe kuyo izilwane zasolwandle) ngamaphrotheni e-collagen ukwenza i-bio-ink. Uyinki udinga ukuthi 'uphile' ukuze uhlangane namaseli omuntu. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ivumele izicubu ezixhumeneyo ukuthi zande ukuze umzimba womuntu wamukele futhi uhlanganise izinto zokwenziwa. Amaseli e-stem abonakala eyimpendulo mayelana nokwenza lolu hlobo lwezinto 'eziphilayo'.
Ukunwetshwa kwamaseli sekuvele kufakazelwe kwezinye izinhlobo zokufakelwa. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokunikezwa okungaguquki komthambo wegazi, lawa maseli angaphila isikhathi esilinganiselwe kuphela. Abaphenyi bafuna izindlela zokuqinisekisa impilo yeseli ngenqubo yokuphrinta bese kuthi okunye. Okwamanje, ama-bio gels kanye 'nezingxenye' ezishintshayo zikhombise indlela emangalisayo yokukhiqiza i-chassis yokufakelwa. Amaseli aphilayo akule chassis aqala ukwakha i-bio 'mesh' yawo futhi azibambe ndawonye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, into yokufakelwa (imvamisa izinhlobo zama-plastiki abanga abicah nezokwelapha) iyaphela noma inyamalale, kusale kuphela izinto eziphilayo endaweni yayo. Yize into ephrintiwe nge-3D inikeza ukwakheka kokuqala kokufakwa, amaseli ngokwawo akha uhlobo lwe-matrix olukwazi ukugcina ukwakheka kwalo.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi: Mama, Ngingaba yi-Cyborg?
Ama-corneas womuntu aphrinta nge-3D
Izicubu ezintsha noma uqwanga kanye nesizukulwane samathambo kungagcina kulingise wonke umzimba womuntu. Ekuhlolweni ngamagundane elebhu, izingcezu zogebhezi ezifakiwe zikhombisile ukuthi ziyakwazi ukukhulisa izicubu zazo zethambo, zigcwaliswe ngokunikezwa kwegazi. Futhi ngokufakwa kwemisipha okuphrintiwe nge-3D, amagundane athuthukisa izicubu zemizwa. Lokhu kukhula okusha kuthathe kuphela amasonto amabili ukwakheka. Yize izivivinyo zingakenziwa ezifundweni zabantu, kodwa kukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe kanjalo ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo.
Ukufakwa kwe-Corneal kuzosebenza ngendlela efanayo. Kepha ngabe imisipha noma ithambo eliqinile bekungaba lula ukuhlangana kunezicubu ezidinga 'ukubona'? Isakhiwo se-ocular asidingi nje kuphela ukuhambisa nokugcina ukwakheka kodwa futhi sisiza umuntu ukuthi abone. Ngabe ubuchopho buzoxhuma kabusha kufakelo lwe-corneal ukuze lunikeze ukubona okusebenzayo? Uma onjiniyela bekwazi ukwenza kahle uyinki wokunyathelisa we-3D, izicubu zokuzala kungenzeka zikwazi 'ukuzicabangela' ngosizo lobuchopho bomuntu. Kuningi ngendlela okufakwa ngayo i-cochlear (ithuluzi elifakwe ngaphakathi kwendlebe ukuze lisize ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa nokungezwa) lifunda ukuxhuma kabusha ebuchosheni ukuze lihumushe imisindo, ukwakheka kwamehlo kungenzeka kukwazi ukwenza okufanayo.
Ngokushesha, ama-corneas aprintwe yi-3D angaxazulula inkinga yokulinda umnikeli womuntu ohambisanayo. Ukusuka kukhompyutha kuya ekunyatheliseni umlomo wombhobho kuya esweni, isayensi idala izixazululo zezokwelapha esake sacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka kumabhayisikobho aqanjiwe esayensi. Kuzoba isikhathi esingakanani kuze kube kuthiwa ama-cyborgs ukuhamba phakathi kwethu? Isikhathi kuphela esizosho.
I-YouTube: I-Newcastle University 3D Phrinta i-Human Human Corneas yokuqala emhlabeni
Ngokuchofoza dlala, uyavumelana ne-YouTube Imigomo Yesevisi futhi Inqubomgomo yobumfihlo. Idatha ingase yabiwe ne-YouTube/Google.
Isikweletu sezithombe: Isithombe sesici “amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”Kwenziwa ngu U-Anja Osenberg.
Source: Bec Crew (Isaziso soSayensi) / UDavid Nield (Isaziso soSayensi) / IsayensiDaily article 1, 2
Isaziso sokuhlela: Isithombe sesici asihlobene nokucwaninga okukhulunywe ngakho kule ndatshana ngenxa yokushoda kwemidiya etholakalayo ukucindezela.
