Kwezi ntsuku, iiprinta ze3D zisetyenziselwa ukwenza zonke iintlobo zezinto zokudlala kunye nee doodads. Ubucwebe obuprintwe yi-3D kunye nezinye izinto zefashoni ziba yinto entsha eshushu. Konke oku kuyonwabisa kwaye kuyinto entsha, kodwa kuthekani ukuba itekhnoloji inokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo? Izinto ezinokubakho ziphononongwa kuphela iqhezu lezinto ezinokuba zikho kwikamva elikufuphi. Inzululwazi ikufutshane ekufumaneni iindlela zokuhamba ngokungabikho kwamalungu afumanekayo okufakelwa kunye nokufakelwa. Nangona bekukho i-bioprinters kwixa elidlulileyo, imiceli mngeni emininzi isaqhubeka ukubakho. Ukungakwazi ukugcina iiseli ziphila ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingafakelwa kuye kwathintela inkqubela phambili yombono.
Ngenisa umshicileli we-3D
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inkqubela phambili kwezonyango ibandakanya I-3D-eprintiweyo amalungu afana neentliziyo, iindlebe, kunye nezicubu zamathambo. Ngoko kutheni kungekho malungu emehlo? Kukho izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi jikelele abanengxaki yokungaboni okubangelwa zizifo ezinxulumene namehlo. Amazwe ahlwempuzekileyo adla ngosulelo lwentsholongwane olubangela umonakalo kwi-cornea, kwaye ukuba alunyangwa, ubumfama. Ngaba sinokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ebonelelwa ngoshicilelo lwe-3D ukwenza i-replica corneas? Amathuba okuba oku kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza kunokuba mva kuphezulu. Olu hlobo lomshicileli lufuna umba we-inki ukuze usebenze. Okwangoku, abaphandi badibanisa i-alginate (i-agent ye-gelling ekhutshwe kuyo olwandle) ngeeproteni ze-collagen ukwenza i-bio-inki. I-inki kufuneka 'iphile' ukuze idibane neeseli zomntu. Kuya kufuneka ivumele izihlunu ezidibeneyo ukuba zande ukuze umzimba womntu wamkele kwaye udibanise izixhobo zokufakelwa. Iiseli zestem zibonakala ziyimpendulo malunga nokuyila olu hlobo lwemathiriyeli 'ephilayo'.
Ukwandiswa kweseli sele kuqinisekisiwe kwezinye iintlobo zeprosthetics. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuhanjiswa kwegazi ngokungaguquguqukiyo, ezi seli zinokuphila kuphela ixesha elinomda. Abaphandi bafuna iindlela zokuqinisekisa ubomi beseli ngenkqubo yokuprinta kwaye ezinye. Okwangoku, ii-bio gels kunye nokutshintsha 'iinxalenye' zibonise indlela ebalaseleyo yokuvelisa i-chassis eyenziweyo. Iiseli eziphilayo kule chassis ziqala ukwenza ezazo i-bio 'mesh' kwaye zibambe kunye. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, into engeyiyo (edla ngokuba ziintlobo zesilicone kunye neeplastikhi ezikumgangatho wezonyango) iyaphela okanye inyibilike, ishiye kuphela imeko yezinto eziphilayo kwindawo yayo. Nangona into eprintwe yi-3D ibonelela ngolwakhiwo lokuqala lokumiliselwa, iiseli ngokwazo zenza uhlobo lweematriki ezikwaziyo ukugcina ubume bayo.
Inomdla kwakhona: Mama, Ndingaba yiCyborg?
3D-yoshicilelo corneas yabantu
Izicubu ezintsha okanye i-cartilage kunye neeseli zethambo zingagqibela ngokulinganisa wonke umzimba womntu. Kuvavanyo lweempuku zelebhu, iziqwengana zokhakhayi ezifakiweyo zibonise ukuba bayakwazi ukukhulisa izicwili zabo zethambo, bazalise ngokuhanjiswa kwegazi. Kwaye i-3D-eprintwe izihlunu zemisipha, iimpuku zavelisa izicwili zemithambo-luvo. Olu khulo lutsha luthathe kuphela iiveki ezimbini ukubumba. Nangona iimvavanyo kusafuneka zenziwe kwizifundo zabantu, oko kubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza njalo ngophando oluthe kratya.
Ukufakwa kweCorneal kuya kusebenza ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ngaba izihlunu okanye amathambo omeleleke ngokulula kunokuba lula ukudibanisa kuneethishu ekufuneka 'ziqonde'? Ubume beoyile akufuneki buhambise kuphela kwaye bugcine ubume bayo kodwa bube nokunceda umntu ukuba abone. Ngaba ubuchopho buya kuphinda buxhume kwakhona kufakelo lwe-corneal ukubonelela ngokubonakalayo kokusebenza? Ukuba iinjineli zinokukwazi ukugqibezela i-inki yokuprinta i-3D, izicwili zokuzala zinakho 'ukuzicingela' ngoncedo lwengqondo yomntu. Okuninzi kwindlela yokumiliselwa kwe-cochlear (isixhobo esigxunyekwe ngasemva kwendlebe ukunceda ukulahleka kwendlebe kunye nokungeva) ifunda ukunxibelelana kwakhona nengqondo ukutolika izandi, ukwakheka kwamehlo kuya kuba nakho ukwenza okufanayo.
Kungekudala, ii-corneas eziprintwe yi-3D zinokusombulula ingxaki yokulinda umntu onikelayo. Ukusuka kwikhompyuter ukuprinta umlomo ngemilomo, isayensi yenza izisombululo zonyango esakha sacinga ukuba zinokwenzeka kwiimovie zentsomi. Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kude kubizwe njalo iicyborgs uhamba phakathi kwethu? Lixesha kuphela eliza kuxela.
I-YouTube: IYunivesithi yaseNewcastle 3D Shicilela iiCorneas zokuqala zoLuntu zeHlabathi
Ngokucofa dlala, uyavumelana neYouTube Imiqathango yeNkonzo kwaye umthetho wabucala. Idatha ingabiwa noYouTube/Google.
Ityala lemifanekiso: Umboniso womfanekiso “amehlo aluhlaza”Yenziwa ngu UAnja Osenberg.
umthombo: Crew (Isaziso soSayensi) / UDavid Nield (Isaziso soSayensiInqaku lemihla ngemihla leSayensi 1, 2
Isaziso sokuhlela: Umfanekiso womfanekiso awuhambelani nophando olukhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemithombo yeendaba ekhoyo yokushicilela.
