Iqela labaphandi eUnited States IYunivesithi yePurus yase West Lafayette, Indiana, ngokudibene neengcali kwi University of Tohoku eSendai, eJapan, basecicini lokuphuhlisa isizukulwana esilandelayo seekhompyuter. Esi sizukulwana silandelayo senziwe p-amasuntswana ukwakha iteknoloji oko kukuthi "Ngokwendalo enokwenzeka".
Yintoni ikhompyuter enokwenzeka?
Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ubuninzi bale teknoloji intsha, iinkcazo kunye neenkcazo zilungile. Ukubeka nje, iikhompyuter zanamhlanje, ukusuka kwii-PC ukuya kwiipilisi ukuya kwii-smartphones, ziqhuba "iibhloko zokwakha ezibizwa ngokuba zii-bits," iinkcukacha ezincinci. Ezi zinto, ngokwePurdue, "zimisele ngoku-0 okanye ngo-1." Injengemeko emnyama nomhlophe, ewe okanye hayi. “Kwelinye icala lembonakalo iikhompyuter ezininzi iqulethe iikubub ezihlala ngaphezulu kwe-0 kunye no-1. Ezi qubits zezona ziphambili kubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha obudumileyo obuhlebelwayo mva nje, bunzima kakhulu kwaye abuqondwa kakuhle.
Nangona kunjalo, "i-p-bit iguquka ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-1 kwaye inokukhonkxwa kwelinye okanye kwelinye ilizwe ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye nomqondiso wegalelo layo," ngokweYunivesithi yasePurdue. Ngelixa ezi zingenabunzima njenge-qubits, “kukho iseti eluncedo yengxaki ezinokusombululwa nge-qubits ezinokusonjululwa nge-p-bits,” utshilo. USupiyo Datta, Purdue's Thomas Duncan UProfesa oBalaseleyo woBunjineli boMbane neKhompyutha. Uyenza lula le ngcamango, echaza ukuba "usenokuthi ip-bit yibubit yendoda elihlwempu."
Ngaba iinjineli zingakha ikhompyuter zikwazi ukusombulula iingxaki ze-quantum, ngaphandle kwekhompyuter ye-quantum?#PurdueCE Abaphandi - bekhokelwa nguNjingalwazi Supriyo Datta - kunye neqela elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseTohoku babonisa ukuba ikhompyuter enokwenzeka ingenza njani kanye.
iinkcukacha: https://t.co/OLx3ykBzO1 pic.twitter.com/MOsiMsPrQu
I-PurdueECE (@PurdueECE) Septemba 19, 2019
Ngoku, kusebenza njani kule teknoloji intsha? Ikhompyuter ethembekileyo, esebenzisa i-p-bits, inokusebenza ngokusondeleyo njengendalo, ihlala itshintsha kwaye itshintsha. Oku kukwathetha ukuba "inokukhawuleza ukusombulula ezinye zeengxaki ezinokusonjululwa yikhompyuter ye-quantum kuba ayizukufuna izixhobo zekhompyutha ezintsha okanye amaqondo obushushu abanda kakhulu ukuba asebenze," ngokwe-Purdue.
Ngokusebenzisana kwezi zikolo zibini, iYunivesithi yePurdue kunye neYunivesithi yaseTohoku ziyile le khompyuter. Oku kuboniswe okokuqala kwi-2019, kujolise ekujonganeni neengxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nekhompyuter ye-quantum, fumana imeko yezinto kunye neengxaki, kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinje "ngophando lweziyobisi, ukubethela, ukukhuseleka kwe-cyber, iinkonzo zezezimali, uhlalutyo lwedatha, kunye nokubonelela ulungiselelo lwekhonkco ”.
Kutheni ezi khompyuter zifuneka?
Ukwenza le ngcaciso icace gca, abaphandi basebenzise ikomityi yekofu ephakathi njengomzekelo. Kungenxa yokuba yinto ekusafuneka ichongiwe ziikhompyuter ze-quantum njengoko ezi ziphuhliswa Uphando kwaye IBM. IYunivesithi yasePurdue icacisa ukuba “Ubume beemolekyuli zecaffeine bunzima kangangokuba iikhompyuter zakudala azikwazi ukwenza izibalo ezifunekayo ukuze ziqondwe ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yokuba icaffeine inokubakho kwi-10 ^ 48 yoqwalaselo lwee-atom ezahlukeneyo, okanye 'i-quantum States.' ”
IYunivesithi yasePurdue icacisa ngakumbi ukuba "ikhompyuter yakudala, eqhuba imeko enye kuphela ngexesha, kuya kufuneka ukuba isebenze kumazwe amaninzi ngaxeshanye njengokwenza kwendalo ukufaka i-caffeine." Yiyo loo nto imfuneko yeekhompyuter ezinokubakho.
Abaphandi @PurdueEngineers zenza uhlobo olutsha lwekhompyuter "olunokwenzeka ngokwendalo" - ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweklasikhi kunye nekhompyuter ye-quantum ukusombulula iingxaki ngokufanelekileyo.
FUMANA NJANI: https://t.co/287WCV6rui #Ukulinda #PRF #Ingcebiso #okhuselo pic.twitter.com/L9Rl6h7QY1
-Ixabiso le-OTC (@PurdueOTC) Matshi 10, 2021
Ixesha elizayo mhlawumbi linokwenzeka
Iprojekthi yonke etyhafisa ingqondo isengumsebenzi oqhubekayo, njengoko zonke izinto ezintle zisoloko zisenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, ifiziksi URichard Feynman wachaza ngo-1981 phambi kwenkomfa yesayensi yekhompyutheni ukuba ezi khompyutheni ezinokuthi zifuna ukuba zigqibelele ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngempumelelo. Uthe “Singacinga kwaye sonwabe ngokugqibeleleyo, ndiyacinga, ngesilumkiso esinokubakho sendalo, apho umatshini ungenzi kanye into eyenziwa yindalo, kodwa… ungafumana amathuba ahambelanayo ngokuchaneka okuhambelanayo . ”
Nangona kunjalo, de sibe siyabona ngokwenyani itekhnoloji engummangaliso, inyathelo elijongene nale projekthi, eyaziwa njenge-Purdue-P, iya kuqhubeka nophuhliso ekwakheni kwikamva, kancinci kancinci. "Njengentsimi, sijonga iingxaki zekhompyuter esingakwaziyo ukusombulula zona ngoku kwaye sicinge," utshilo owayesakuba nguMphandi wePurdue Postdoctoral UKarem Camsari. "Ikhompyuter yedijithali, kukho ikhompyuter ye-quantum - yintoni enye ekhoyo?"
Ikhredithi yemifanekiso: Umfanekiso obonisiweyo ubonisiwe nguGwen Keraval weYunivesithi yePurdue kwaye ubonelelwe ngokusetyenziswa kweendaba.
