Unoziva here nezvemhindumupindu yakananga? Kazhinji kushanduka-shanduka inzira inononoka zvikuru inoda mireniyamu, kwete makumi emakore, kuratidza kuchinja kukuru uye kuchinja kwemajini. Ko marobhoti anogona kuwana nzvimbo murudzi urwu rwesainzi? Nekudaro, kwave nebudiriro yesainzi inobvumira vaongorori kuti vakurumidze kuita izvi zvakanyanya, zvichivapa sarudzo yekugadzira mapuroteni matsva nemamwe mamorekuru murabhoritari yavo nekukurumidza.
Iyi tsika itsva asi yatove yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya inozivikanwa sedirected evolution kana DE muchidimbu. Inobatsira masayendisiti mune dzakasiyana siyana sekuburitsa masoja matsva ekurapa zvirwere zvakaita segomarara kana zvimwe. Inogona kubatsira kugadzira ma enzymes sezvaanoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwebiofuel kana kubatsira nemaimaging agents ari chikamu chemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Inokurumidza kupfuura zvakasikwa
Vatsvagiri vanotungamirwa naKevin Esvelt vakagadzira nyowani robhoti chikuva chinovatendera kuti vatarise mazana ehuwandu hwehutachiona kamwechete uye kuramba vakatarisa kuti mapuroteni nemamwe mamorekuru anoshanduka sei. Robhoti rinogonawo kubatsira kuchengetedza vanhu kubva mukutsakatika kana vakanetseka kurarama.
Seruzivo rwekumashure kwekunzwisisa chidzidzo ichi, Robotic Platforms anoshandiswa munzvimbo zhinji dzekutsvagisa, kusanganisira iyo genetic engineering yemasero. Yakanangidzirwa shanduko inzira inomhanyisa kuunganidza uye kusarudzwa kwemanovhero ekuchinja. Kunzwisisa mhindumupindu kwakakosha mukugadzira mishonga mitsva nejekiseni uye masero einjiniya kune zvimwe zvinangwa.
Nzira yekutsvakurudza inotsanangurwa munyaya ino, iyo vatsvakurudzi vakatumidza kuti phage uye robotics-yakabatsira pedyo-inoenderera mberi kushanduka-shanduka (PRANCE), inobvumira mamwe akawanda evolutionary trajectories kuti aenderane, achiwedzera mikana yekubudirira. Mapuratifomu eRobhoti anobatsira kuita otomatiki zviedzo zvingave zvakaoma, kutora nguva, kana kusakwanisa kuita.
Mamorekuru uye mapuroteni ari munzira yekutsanya
Pasi paProfessor Martin A. Nowak, the Robotic Evolution Laboratory iri kugadzira matekinoroji matsva ekutevera shanduko yehuwandu hwemaserura kwenguva refu. Rimwe dambudziko rinotariswa neboka iri nderekutarisa zvinoitika panguva yekushanduka-shanduka pasina kupindirana nazvo. Semuenzaniso, vakafunga nezve kugadzirisa dambudziko nekumhanyisa zviedzo muchokwadi chaicho vasingazive nezvekudaro.
Iyo Robotic Evolution Laboratory yakamisa yayo yepamusoro-resolution microscope kurobhoti rine mafambiro anodzorwa nekombuta. Izvi zvinogonesa kufungidzira panguva imwe chete yemazana emakoroni ehutachiona. Nekuvabvumira kuti vatevere panguva imwe chete mazana ehuwandu hwehutachiona pavanenge vachichinja mapuroteni matsva kana mamwe mamorekuru, anogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvinodhaka kana kunzwisisa zviri nani kuti shanduko inoshanda sei.
Mhinduro nemhedziso
“Pachivanhu, mhindumupindu yanangana yave iri unyanzvi zvikuru kupfuura sayenzi, tisingarevi fundo youinjiniya. Uye izvo zvinoramba zviri chokwadi kudzamara iwe wagona kuongorora zvakasiyana siyana uye kuona zvabuda, "anodaro Kevin Esvelt, mubatsiri purofesa muMIT's Media Lab uye munyori mukuru wechidzidzo chitsva.
“Robhoti rinokwanisa kuchengeta huwandu hweutachiona uhwu nekuyera kuverenga uku, izvo zvinoita kuti rione kuti utachiona huri kushanda zvakanaka here, kana kuti huri kutatarika uye pane chinoda kuitwa kuti vabatsirwe,” anodaro Erika A. DeBenedictis.
Zvakare zvinonakidza: Gramener Inoshandisa AI Yekuverenga Penguins Kudzidza uye Kuchengetedza Ivo
"Tinogona kushandura shanduko idzi munguva-chaiyo, takanangana nemafambiro ari kuitika aya," Emma J. Chory anodaro. "Tinogona kuziva kana kuyedza kuri kubudirira, uye tinokwanisa kushandura nharaunda, izvo zvinotipa mamwe mapfuti pachinangwa, izvo zvakanaka kubva pakuona kwebioengineering uye yekutanga sainzi maonero."
"Sitimu yedu inotitendera kuti tiite shanduko idzi nekunzwisisa kwakanyanya kwezviri kuitika muhurongwa," Chory anowedzera. "Tinogona kudzidza nezve nhoroondo yekushanduka-shanduka, kwete kungogumira."
Marobhoti mapuratifomu ari kuwedzera kushandiswa zvakanyanya nevaongorori pasi rese. Uchishandisa mamiriro akasiyana, PRANCE inogona kushanduka kakapetwa ka100 sehuwandu hwevanhu hwakafanana. PRANCE inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza huwandu hwevanhu kubva mukutsakatika kana vari kunetseka kurarama. Robotic Platforms inoderedza zvakanyanya nguva uye simba rinodiwa kuti utarise maitiro ekushanduka pasina kunyatso edza pairi.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, iwe unogona zvakare kuongorora iyo MIT nhau mushumo kana bepa"Yakarongeka mamolecular evolution inogonesa kuwanikwa kwakasimba kwebiomolecule” naErika A. DeBenedictis, Emma J. Chory, Dana W. Gretton, Brian Wang, Stefan Golas, naKevin M. Esvelt, iyo yakaburitswa muna Zvita 30, 2021.
YouTube: Mubairo weNobel we2018 muChemistry: Inotungamirwa evolution & phage kuratidza - Kutaura nezveChemistry
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