Kuyambira pamene anthu anaika matabwa oyamba a matabwa pamadzi, kuyandama kumatanthauza kuyenda, malonda, komanso mphamvu. Patapita nthawi, tinayamba kuchita bwino; matabwa anakhala chitsulo, ndipo m'malo mofunafuna mawonekedwe, tinayamba kuwerengera momwe madzi angasunthire bwino. Komabe, sitinapangebe chombo chomwe "sichingathe kumira". Titanic idagulitsidwa motere, koma cholowa chake chatiuza zosiyana. Masiku ano, ofufuza ku University of Rochester akuyesera kubwerezanso lingaliro ili mwa kusintha kapangidwe ka chitsulo kuti chiyandame mosasamala kanthu za kuwonongeka kapena nthawi yayitali, ndipo chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zombo zazikulu.
Kuyandama pamadzi
Njira yopangira zitsulo "zosamira" imayamba ndi kukumba mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri pa sikelo yaying'ono pogwiritsa ntchito ma laser a femtosecond kuti ofufuza agwire mpweya m'mphepete. Izi zikufanana ndi momwe akangaude odumphira m'madzi ndi nyerere zoyaka moto zimagwiritsira ntchito mpweya kuti zipindule. Chogawaniza pakati pa chubu chimalola kumizidwa moyima popanda kuphulika kwa mpweya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale bwino. superydrophobic, kutanthauza kuti zinthuzo zidzabweza madzi mpaka kufika poti samira mosasamala kanthu kuti awonongeka kapena kubowoka bwanji.
Zipangizo zowopsa kwambiri Sizili ngati chombo chilichonse chachibadwa, chomwe, ngakhale chili cholimba, chili ndi malire ndipo chidzamira ngati kuwonongeka kuli kwakukulu. Ofufuza adayesa zinthuzo kwa milungu ingapo akuyandama m'malo ovuta komanso kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi. Kapangidwe kakale ka chitsulo chosamira kuyambira 2019 kanawonetsa zinthu zosakhudzana ndi madzi m'ma disks awiri, koma kuyandamako kunayima pa ngodya zazikulu. Ndi machubu apano, kumachotsa malire awa. Kumaperekanso njira yopangira zinthu zambiri mtsogolo chifukwa machubu amatha kulumikizidwa pamodzi kuti apange ma raft. Mayeso adachitika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana mpaka pafupifupi theka la mita, kusonyeza kuti akhoza kufalikira.
Kuyenda m'tsogolo
Tsogolo lomwe kaya mafunde kapena kutayikira kuli bwanji - dziko lomwe palibe sitima yomwe ingamire - limamveka kutali kwambiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mawu akuti "osamira" si maloto kapena chinyengo cha malonda, koma sayansi yeniyeni. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga izi ndi mphamvu yongowonjezedwanso kuchokera ku kuthamangitsa mafunde amadzi. Zina zikuphatikizapo zombo ndi akuyandama Mapulatifomu. Kaya njira iti ikatengedwa, izi zikulonjeza njira yatsopano yodutsa m'madzi, komanso yankho la vuto lakale ngati lathu.
YouTube: Kupanga Chitsulo Chosamira
Ngongole yazithunzi: Mbali chithunzi ndi chizindikiro ndipo chatengedwa ndi Mike Nahlii.
Magwero: Luke Auburn (University of Rochester) / Leonor Sierra (Chipinda cha Nkhani cha Yunivesite ya Rochester)
