Masiku ano, osindikiza a 3D amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mitundu yonse yazoseweretsa ndi ma doodad. Zodzikongoletsera zosindikizidwa ndi 3D ndi zinthu zina za mafashoni zikuyamba kukhala njira yatsopano yotentha. Zonsezi ndizosangalatsa komanso zopanga nzeru, koma bwanji ngati ukadaulo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera? Zotheka zikungowunikidwa pang'ono pazomwe zingakhale posachedwa. Sayansi ili pafupi kupeza njira zothanirana ndi kusowa kwa ziwalo zomwe zingapezeke pakuziika ndi kumizirira. Ngakhale pakhala pali bioprinters m'mbuyomu, zovuta zambiri zikadalipo. Kulephera kusunga maselo amoyo wokwanira kuti angawapatse kwalepheretsa kupita patsogolo kwa lingalirolo.
Lowetsani chosindikiza cha 3D
Pakadali pano, kupita patsogolo kwamankhwala kumaphatikizapo Zosindikizidwa ndi 3D ziwalo monga mtima yokumba, makutu, ngakhale fupa minyewa. Ndiye bwanji osayika ziwalo zamaso? Pali anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe akuvutika ndi vuto la kuona chifukwa cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha maso. Mayiko osauka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus omwe amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa cornea, ndipo ngati sanachiritsidwe, khungu. Kodi titha kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woperekedwa ndi zosindikiza za 3D kupanga ma cornea ofananira? Kuthekera kwa izi kuchitika posachedwa ndikwambiri. Chosindikizira chamtunduwu chimafunika inki kuti chigwire ntchito. Pakadali pano, ochita kafukufuku akuphatikiza alginate (gelling agent yotengedwa kuchokera nyanja zamchere) ndi mapuloteni a collagen kuti apange bio-inki. Inki iyenera kukhala 'yamoyo' kuti igwirizane ndi maselo aumunthu. Zikafunika kulola kuti minyewa yolumikizana ichuluke kuti thupi la munthu livomereze ndikuphatikiza zida zopangira ma prosthetic. Ma stem cell amawoneka ngati yankho pakupanga mtundu wa 'moyo' wamtunduwu.
Kukula kwama cell kwatsimikiziridwa kale m'mitundu ina ya ma prosthetics. Komabe, popanda chotengera chamagazi chokhazikika, maselowa amangokhala ndi nthawi yochepa. Ofufuzawa akufufuza njira zowonetsetsa kuti maselo azikhala ndi moyo kudzera mu makina osindikiza kenako ena. Pakadali pano, ma bio gels ndi 'magawo' obwezeretsa awonetsa njira yabwino yopangira chassis yokumba. Maselo amoyo muchassischi amayamba kupanga 'mesh' yawo ndikudzigwirira pamodzi. M'kupita kwanthawi, zinthu zopangira (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi ma silicone ndi pulasitiki oyambira) zimazimiririka kapena kuzimiririka, kusiya zamoyo zokha m'malo mwake. Ngakhale chinthu chosindikizidwa ndi 3D chimapereka mawonekedwe oyambira, maselowo amadzipangira matrix omwe amatha kukhalabe bwino.
Zosangalatsanso: Amayi, Kodi Nditha Kukhala Cyborg?
Zithunzi za 3D zosindikiza anthu
Minofu yatsopano kapena khungu la mafupa ndi mafupa kumapeto kwake zimatha kutengera thupi lonse la munthu. Poyesedwa ndi mbewa za labu, zidutswa za chigaza zomwe zidakonzedwa zidawonetsa kuti amatha kukula minofu yawo ya mafupa, yodzaza ndi magazi. Ndi mbewa zomwe zidasindikizidwa ndi 3D, mbewa zimatulutsa minyewa yaminyewa. Kukula kwatsopano kumeneku kunangotenga milungu iwiri kuti ipangidwe. Ngakhale mayeserowa sanachitike m'mutu wa anthu, zikuwonetsa kuthekera koti atero ndikufufuza kwina.
Ma implants a Corneal amathanso kugwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Koma kodi minofu yolimba kapena yolimba ingakhale yosavuta kuphatikizika kuposa ziwalo zomwe zimayenera 'kuzindikira'? Kapangidwe ka ocular sikuyenera kungoyenda ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake komanso kumathandizira munthu kuti awone. Kodi ubongo udzagwirizananso ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwira kuti chizitha kuwona bwino? Ngati mainjiniya amatha kupanga inki yosindikiza ya 3D, ziwalo zoberekera zimatha 'kudziganiza' mothandizidwa ndi ubongo wamunthu. Momwe makina opangira (cochlear) omwe amaphatikizidwa kuseri kwa khutu kuti athandize kumva komanso kusamva) amaphunzira kulumikizanso kuubongo kutanthauzira mawu, mawonekedwe amaso atha kuchita chimodzimodzi.
Posakhalitsa, ma corneas osindikizidwa ndi 3D atha kuthetsa vuto lakudikirira wopereka munthu woyenerana naye. Kuyambira pakompyuta mpaka kusindikiza mphuno pamaso, sayansi ikupanga mayankho azachipatala omwe timangoganiza kuti atheka m'makanema abodza asayansi. Zikhala zazitali bwanji mpaka zotchedwa cyborgs kuyenda pakati pathu? Nthawi yokha ndi yomwe inganene.
YouTube: Newcastle University 3D Sindikizani World Corneas Woyamba Padziko Lonse Lapansi
Mukadina sewera, mukuvomereza za YouTube Terms of Service ndi mfundo zazinsinsi. Zambiri zitha kugawidwa ndi YouTube/Google.
Ngongole yazithunzi: Chithunzichi "maso abulu”Zidachitidwa ndi Anja Osenberg.
Source: Khalani Ogwira Ntchito (Science Alert) / David Nield (Science Alert) / ScienceDaily nkhani 1, 2
Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Chithunzichi sichikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku yemwe watchulidwa munkhaniyi chifukwa chosowa media zomwe zingafalitsidwe.
