Ina so in fara wannan labarin da yardar kaina. Ina matukar son Android OS gaba daya saboda dalilai da yawa kuma nayi amfani da ita tun rana daya lokacin da aka sake ta. Koyaya, wannan yana nufin ya zama labarin bayani game da Android azaman zaɓi kuma ba'a rubuta shi don gasa tare da sauran mafita ba. Idan kuna neman dalilan da yasa Android ta fi ko ƙasa da sauran tsarukan aiki, wannan ba shine labarin da ya dace da ku ba. Idan baku da masaniya da yawa game da shi kuma kuna son fahimtar ɗan ƙarami game da asalin, manufa da tarihin Android, to kun zo wurin da ya dace.
Asalin Android OS
Android Inc. ya kasance kamfani ne na kansa, wanda aka kafa 2003 a Palo Alto. Manyan mutanen da suka fara zuwa kamfanin Android Inc. sune Andy Rubin (wanda ya kirkiro Hadari), da Rich Miner (wanda ya kirkiro kamfanin Wildfire Communications, Inc.), Nick Sears (sau daya VP a T-Mobile), da Chris White (Shugaban Design da UI a WebTV). Manufofin farko shine gina samfuran da ke sane da wurin mai su da kuma abubuwan da suke so da kuma tsarin aiki don kyamarorin dijital na zamani.
Yayin sake tantance kasuwanni da kuma damar masu siye, daga baya suka canza dabarunsu zuwa tsarin aiki na zamani (OS) don yin gogayya da Symbian da Windows don wayoyin hannu, wadanda sune manyan masu fada a wancan lokacin. Sunyi duk wannan ba tare da talla ko yawaitar sadarwa ko sadarwa gabaɗaya game da aikinsu ba kuma jim kaɗan bayan sun ƙone duk babban birnin da suka mallaka. Akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka don samun ƙarin kuɗi amma a cikin 2005 Google ta sayi Android Inc. aƙalla $ 50m don buɗe hanya zuwa kasuwar wayar hannu.
Google, tare da manyan masana'antun, masu yin guntu da masu jigilar kayayyaki a cikin Bude Kawancen Kai Na hannu, ya gudanar da taro a 2007 kuma ya yanke shawarar mayar da Android OS wani sabon mizani na buɗewa don wayowin komai da ruwan, dangane da ainihin kern ɗin Linux ɗin da suke aiki a baya.
Na'urar farko an tsara ta don yin gogayya da na'urorin Blackberry kuma yana da madannin keyboard. Duk da haka lokacin da aka saki iPhone a cikin 2007, sun sake fasalin samfurin don amfani da tabarau don yin gogayya da sabon maganin Apple. Wannan sabuwar wayar ta Android ita ce HTC Dream (wanda aka fi sani da G1) kuma an sake shi ga jama'a a cikin Oktoba 2008. Ba na da sha'awar samun iPhone, amma yaro - Na yi matukar sha'awar samun wannan na'urar ta farko ta Android kuma na samu ba da daɗewa ba saki.
Na'urori da Kayan aiki
Yanzu ana amfani da Android OS ta na'urori sama da biliyan daya kuma kamar yadda IDC take a shekarar 2012 sama da kashi 75% na dukkan wayowin komai da ruwan da aka shigo dasu sun dogara ne akan Android OS. Kowace rana ana aiki da na'urori sama da miliyan ɗaya. Irin waɗannan na'urori na iya ƙunsar:
- wayoyin salula na zamani
- Allunan
- Wearables
- Na'urorin TV / Media Suite
- Tsarin tsarin mota
- Tsarin tsaro na gida
- kyamarori
- Gudun wuta
- Consoles Game da Bidiyo
- PCananan Kwamfutoci
Raɓewa daga Google Android OS
Google yana yin babban aiki na haɓakawa da haɓaka Android OS amma galibi masana'antun suna ƙara changesan canje-canje ga OS ɗin samfuran su tare da ƙarancin fasali masu amfani. Baya ga hakan akwai wasu sigar da al'umma ke tukawa wadanda kuma suna da kyau. Sau da yawa waɗannan ayyukan da ba na kasuwanci ba suna da hankali kan aiki da / ko bayanan sirri. Wadancan mafita ana ambaton su galibi cikin alaƙa da AOSP ko Android Open Source project.
A cikin AOSP an samar da lambar tushe kuma ana ba da taimakon ci gaba kuma. Sakamakon wannan ayyukan ci gaba masu zaman kansu ana kiransu da Custom ROM kuma idan kun mallaki na'ura mai tushe, kuna da 'yanci don zaɓar kowane ROM ɗin da kuke so. Shahararrun ROMs na al'ada sune misali CyanogenMod, wanda ma madadin masana'antun wayoyin hannu ke zabar su, AOKP (Android Open Kang Project) wanda ke mai da hankali kan samar da fasali da yawa, kuma paranoid Android waɗanda suka haɓaka hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa don inganta amfani da na'urar.
version History
Tun farkon fitowar Android 1.0 akwai manyan sabuntawa da yawa ga OS. Google galibi yana ba manyan sifofinsu sunan suna wanda yayi kama da hamada kuma harafin farawa yana bin umarnin harafi. Sabon sigar 6 ana kiran sa Marshmallow kuma an sake shi ne kawai kwanakin baya. Ga jerin sifofin da suka fito fili:
Babu sunan suna (1.0)
Babu sunan suna (1.1)
Kabeji (1.5)
Donut (1.6)
Eclair (2.0-2.1)
Froyo (2.2-2.2.3)
Gurasar Ginger (2.3-2.3.7)
Saƙar zuma (3.0-3.2.6)
Sandwich Gishiri (4.0-4.0.4)
Jelly Bean (4.1-4.3.1)
KitKat (4.4–4.4.4, 4.4W–4.4W.2)
Lollipop (5.0-5.1.1)
Marshmallow (6.0)
Rarraba Sigogi
Kira
Abinda nake so kawai ga Android shine cewa yana da matukar wahala a gudanar da manyan kayan aikin komputa a kan na'urori. Galibi na'urar da ka saya zata kasance tare da wannan sigar kuma ba za ta iya karɓar sabon babban sigar ba sai dai idan kana da ƙwarewar fasaha don ƙetare kayan aiki da ƙuntatawa na masana'anta da / ko masu jigilar kayayyaki. Wannan na iya zama saboda dalilai da yawa kuma zai iya gabatar da raunin tsaro mai tsanani. Wannan shine ingantaccen ɗaki na tsarin rarraba software na Apple wanda ke ba da damar aiwatar da sabunta sabunta mai amfani - idan dai kayan aikin na'urar ku na iya gudanar da wannan sabuntawa na musamman.
Future
Zamu iya ganin wani cigaba a cikin Android ana amfani dashi a cikin na'urori banda wayowin komai da ruwan da ƙananan kwamfutoci. Tun shekara ta 2014 zaka iya mallakar smartwatch mai sawa, wanda yake gudana Android Wear. A wannan shekara akwai kamfen Kickstarter wanda ke da manufar gina ƙananan PCananan Kwamfutoci, suna aiki akan tsarin aiki, dangane da Android. Don haka akwai wani motsi don amfani da fa'idodi na Android don kawo samfuran samfuran zuwa kasuwa waɗanda asali ba sa cikin ci gaban haɓaka amma ana tsammanin su koyaushe.
Wataƙila za a sami ƙarin mai da hankali kan aiwatar da Android a cikin nishaɗin gida kamar a ciki Android TV kuma a cikin sufuri kamar a cikin Android Auto. Wataƙila Google zai ma haɗa da Android Auto tsarin in motocin motsa jiki. Ganin ci gaban Chrome OS da alama Google ba ya bin Android don a girka a kwamfutar PC ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka.
Ba a san abin da makomar za ta zo ba amma saboda yanayin buɗewar Android yana ɗaukar mai hankali ne kawai tare da kyakkyawar shawara don ƙara ɓarna ga masana'antar. Ba abun da ba ze yiwu ba. Muna fatan karin kirkirar-tushen Android da kuma kera al'umma.
Photo credit: An jera akan Wikipedia / Hauk HD / Andre Kheren ne adam wata
