Cutar sankarar jini ta jini (PCL)

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba a cikin dukkanin jinsi da duk yankuna. Marasa lafiya na iya gabatar da alamomi da alamu da yawa waɗanda ake gani a cikin myelomas da yawa. Yin amfani da sababbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yana neman haɓaka ƙarancin cutar rashin lafiya kuma game da ƙananan gabaɗaya rayuwa kudi.

Mene ne cutar sankarar jini?

Plasma cell cutar sankarar bargo wani nau'i ne na myeloma mai yawa halin manyan matakan ƙwayoyin plasma masu lalacewa da ke zagawa a cikin jini gefe. PCL ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin dyscrasia cell na plasma, cuta ta kwayar halitta da ke da alaƙa da yawaitar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin plasma. Gabaɗaya yana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin halitta kamar B lymphocytes, wanda ke ɓoye sunadaran myeloma ko gutsuttsura a cikin jini. Wannan samarwar mahaukaciyar rigakafin myeloma immunoglobulins na iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya mai tsanani kuma saboda haka ya haifar da mutuwa a kusan dukkan lokuta. A zahiri, PCL ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan maɗaukakiyar dyscrasias (1).

Primary da Secondary PCL

PCL na iya gabatarwa azaman firamare ko sakandare, kuma akwai wasu bambance-bambance a bayyane tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta. PCL na farko yana bayyana ga marasa lafiya waɗanda basu taɓa samun wani nau'in dyscrasia na baya ba. Marasa lafiya suna nuna yawancin ƙwayoyin plasma masu yaduwa a cikin ɓarke, wanda zai iya haifar da lalata ƙashi, ƙarancin jini, da ƙarancin koda, tsakanin sauran alamun. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna nuna neuropathies na gefe da hypercalcemia.
Idan PCL ya faru a cikin mai haƙuri tare da bayyanar da ta gabata na myeloma da yawa, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ta biyu. Saboda haɓakawa a yawancin adadin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da ake amfani da su don magance myeloma da yawa, yawancin marasa lafiya suna rayuwa tsawon lokaci don haɓaka PCL na biyu. A mafi yawan lokuta, PCL na biyu yana wakiltar ƙarshen cutar.

Menene ke haifar da PCL?

CL yana faruwa ne ta hanyar jerin abubuwan rashin daidaito na kwayoyin halitta, gami da sharewar chromosome 13 da kuma sakamakon monosomy 13. Sauran al'amuran, kamar maye gurbi da sauya wuri, na iya tsokano furotin yana bayyana Wannan yana haifar da kira na ƙwayoyin plasma masu lalacewa. Canje-canje zuwa aikin yau da kullun na p53, wanda ke aiki azaman mai hana ciwace ciwace-ciwace, suma ana samun su akai-akai a cikin marasa lafiya da PCL. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna gabatar da maye gurbi a cikin 1 chromosome.

Makoma mai ban tsoro

Abin takaici, dabarun bincikar gargajiya da ake amfani da su don sanin ko mai haƙuri yana haɓaka PCL yana da zafi da ɓarna. Burin kasusuwa, biopsy, da cytometry wasu hanyoyin ne da aka saba amfani dasu. Wannan yana nufin cewa farkon ganewar asali yakan zama mai rikitarwa, wanda ke shafar ingancin hanyoyin kwantar da hankalin waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan juyawa ko rigakafin rikice-rikicen ɓangarori domin tsawanta rayuwa.

Duk da ƙarancin nasarar nasara, har yanzu har yanzu ana amfani da cutar ta chemotherapy don PCL. Koyaya, wasu wakilan labari sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. An kula da marasa lafiya daban-daban tare da masu hana ƙwayoyin cuta kamar bortezomib, wanda ke shafar ko toshe wani ɓangare na rayuwar kwayar halitta kuma yana haifar da apoptosis. Gudanar da immunomodulators ya bayyana a matsayin wani madadin maganin, amma duk da ingancinsa a cikin kashin ƙashi, har yanzu ana tambaya. Wasu marasa lafiya da aka bi da su tare da thalidomide sun kuma sami ci gaba don wasu alamomi da alamomin da ke tattare da yanayin rashin lafiyar jiki. Bugu da ari, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta tabbatar da fadada rayuwa gabaɗaya, kuma don haka ya zama sananne a matsayin ƙwarewar haɗin kai.

Koyaya, a bayyane yake cewa ainihin dabarun da ake dasu basu kawo isassun canje-canje ba don inganta ƙimar rayuwar marasa lafiya da PCL. Cutar cuta ce mai wahalar kawarwa. Har yanzu ba a sani ba idan nan gaba kaɗan za ta kawo ƙarin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali waɗanda ke iya inganta ƙarancin hangen nesa ga marasa lafiya da wannan cuta ta ƙwayar cuta.

Source:

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